The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of population ageing on consumption. We chose to put our focus on China as it is a rapidly growing economy and has the largest elderly population in the world that since 2000 has been classified as having an ageing population. To continue analyzing the effect an ageing population has, we used our collected panel data from different regions in China to make fixed effect model. The results show that the age structure has an important role in China's per capita consumption and the current situation in China is that an ageing population will inhibit the consumption of the population. we put forward some suggestions to increase residents' consumption demand in the context of China's ageing population in the light of empirical analysis.