Review question / Objective: The aim of this review was to identify, appraise, evaluate and synthesise evidence of the effectiveness of interventions using occupations and/or occupational performance outcomes in improving activities of daily living and participation of young children with a disability. The PICOS framework was used to develop the review question: Population – children with a disability under the age of 10. Intervention – interventions which are both occupation-based and occupation-focused provided by an occupational therapist in groups or individually, incorporating participation in everyday occupations in the most natural context possible or focusing directly on participation in everyday occupations instead of focusing on improving underlying functions in order to better participate in everyday occupations (1)(Fisher, 2013). Control – alternative occupational therapy (OT) intervention, alternative non-OT intervention or no intervention. Outcome – improved participation in everyday occupations assessed before and after the intervention, measured by standardized assessment tools or self-report measures of occupational performance, engagement and participation. Study characteristics – Systematic Review of original studies (levels I and II, Joanna Briggs Institute) including Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) or quasiexperimental designs (eg. with Pre-test – post-test or historic/ retrospective control group study). Research Question: “What is the evidence for the effectiveness of occupation-based and occupationfocused interventions in improving participation in everyday occupations for young children with a disability?”