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Enhancing Privacy through the Visual Design of Privacy Notices: Exploring the Interplay of Curiosity, Control and Affe
Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för matematik och datavetenskap (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7384-4552
Northumbria University, GBR.
Tel Aviv University, ISR.
Karlstads universitet, Centrum för tjänsteforskning (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8102-8168
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2020 (English)In: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2020), 2020Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

When people sign-up to new online services, privacy notices are the initial means by which data handling practices are communicated. Yet, their design seldom ensures users' privacy comprehension or provides people with privacy choices, resulting in negative feelings associated with the sign-up process. In this paper, we investigate how to improve privacy notice design to enhance privacy comprehension and control, while inducing more positive feelings towards these notices. In an online experiment (N=620), we examine the factors of curiosity, privacy concerns, trust, and time. We study how these factors and visual designs of notices (framing and control) influence privacy comprehension, intention to disclose, and affect (negative-positive). Our results show that, depending on an individual's level of curiosity, control can influence privacy comprehension, disclosure, and affect. We demonstrate that affect moderates the relationship between privacy concerns and disclosure. We elaborate on our results, highlighting how privacy notices that activate curiosity and provide control, could enhance usability and strengthen privacy-conscious behaviors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020.
Keywords [en]
privacy, HCI, decision-making, attitudes, behaviors, emotions, affect
National Category
Human Computer Interaction
Research subject
Psychology; Mathematics; Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-60090DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3980478Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85091858224ISBN: 978-1-939133-16-8 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hj-60090DiVA, id: diva2:1749409
Conference
16th Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security, SOUPS 2020; Virtual, Online; ; 10 August 2020 through 11 August 2020;
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 675730Available from: 2023-04-06 Created: 2023-04-06 Last updated: 2025-10-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Homo Varius: Investigating Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants to Explain Online Privacy Decisions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Homo Varius: Investigating Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants to Explain Online Privacy Decisions
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

When people interact with others, they control how much personal information they reveal, and, hence, make decisions about their privacy. Similarly, in online settings, they decide how much personal information they expose. However, online, their decisions might have greater consequences because of the persistent nature of disclosed information and technological complexities. Hence, technologies should provide people with comprehensive knowledge, enabling informed choices, and reducing privacy risks. Nevertheless, little is known about the interplay of the different factors that influence people's privacy choices. Sometimes, people over-disclose their personal information despite their privacy concerns, presumably relying on fast thinking of homo heuristicus. Yet, it is common to expect that people's decisions should result in more "rational" outcomes; this may decrease privacy risks - here, bringing to the forefront thinking of homo economicus.  This thesis presents insights into the understanding of online privacy decisions. Through a series of studies, we investigate the many factors that influence privacy-related attitudes and behaviors. Our work examines the interaction of the intrinsic (e.g., personality) and extrinsic (e.g., visual design of a privacy interface) determinants of online choices (e.g., disclosure). Overall, we demonstrate the complexity of human decisions in the context of online privacy, suggesting that people's choices are context-dependent and the borders between decisions of the homo heuristicus and economicus are blurry. Thus, we conclude that it is homo varius that can make privacy-aware choices by switching between rational calculations and heuristical thinking, depending on the interplay of different intrinsic and extrinsic determinants. This work provides a knowledge base for future studies investigating privacy decisions. Further, it contributes insights for privacy practitioners (e.g., designers) that may help improve current privacy designs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2020. p. 48
Keywords
Privacy, Attitudes & Behavior, Decision-Making, HCI, GUI, Usability, Visual Design, Personality, Affect
National Category
Human Computer Interaction
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-60093 (URN)978-91-7867-150-2 (ISBN)978-91-7867-149-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-10-19, 21A342, Eva Eriksson, 13:30 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2023-04-06 Created: 2023-04-06 Last updated: 2025-10-13Bibliographically approved

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Kitkowska, AgnieszkaWästlund, ErikMartucci, Leonardo

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