This chapter discusses the history and role of technology in human occupation. In particular, it explores the increasing role of technology in our daily lives, across all occupational domains. Through the use of theories of occupation and occupational therapy, case studies, and globally relevant examples, it addresses not only the ways in which technology has the potential to enhance our occupational performance and engagement, but also the ways in which our reliance on technology may lead to occupational disruption, challenges to occupational justice, and questions of ethics.