Background:           

Blockchain, that originally was introduced as the underlying technology behind Bitcoin, has evolved into a transformative innovation with applications across various industries. Its decentralized, tamper-proof structure offers secure, transparent transactions without needing intermediaries. In supply chain management, blockchain is gaining attention for its potential to address issues like data silos, lack of traceability, and fraud. Unlike traditional systems, it enables real-time, verifiable tracking and trust-building among stakeholders. 

Purpose:                  

The purpose of this study is to explore how blockchain technology can be an enabler in modern supply chains. It investigates how blockchain enhances transparency, trust, and traceability, examines the benefits and challenges of its implementation, and analyzes how various companies within various sectors use blockchain to improve their supply chain efficiency and sustainability.

Method:                  

To achieve this purpose, a qualitative study was conducted using secondary data from five global companies: Walmart, Volvo, Maersk, De Beers, and Alibaba. A structured search strategy identified publicly available documents, which included reports, case studies, and media articles. The data were then analysed using template thematic analysis, with codes derived deductively from a theoretical framework encompassing blockchain principles, supply chain transparency, dynamic capabilities, and relevant organizational theories.

Conclusion:             

I conclude that blockchain technology enhances transparency, trust, and traceability in supply chains, contributing to improved efficiency and sustainability. While its implementation enables strategic capabilities such as automation and visibility, adoption is challenged by high costs, stakeholder resistance, and governance issues. Sectoral differences influence outcomes, and successful use depends on thoughtful integration, inclusive governance, and alignment with organizational goals rather than technological features alone.