Background: The aims of this longitudinal study were to analyse whether perceptions of employment,domestic work and leisure were predictors of health among women and men, and whether the predictors revealed were the same for both genders. Method: A random sample comprising of 2,683 employees in public health care and social insurance offices (2286 women and 397 men) in western Sweden, answered a survey twice, within a two-year interval. Results: The results showed that perceptions of low stress, good balance and high meaning in the occupations of everyday life predicted both good self-rated health and balanced work attendance among women but not among men. For men, the most important predictor of both good self-rated health and balanced work attendance was low work place stress. Conclusion: The men seemed to have a better balance between employment, domestic work, and leisure than the women. Furthermore, the results indicated that leisure might be a more pronounced health protector for women than for men.